THE ROLE OF URF ON THE ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER OF THE URBAN HAUSA TRADITIONAL HOUSE IN NORTHERN NIGERIA
REFERENCES
Al-Qur’an Al-Araf (7:199)
Abdul-Aziz, A.A (2008). “Architecture as Class Identity: A look at traditional Hausa Architecture in relation to Social Stratification” Paper presented at the International Conference on the Relevance of Traditional Architecture: Housing, Rural communities and Urban Poor, Organized by International Network for Traditional Building, Architecture and Urbanism (INTBAU), held in Kano, Nigeria, 24th-25th June 2008.
Hakim, B. S (1994). “The Urf and its role in diversifying the Architecture of traditional Islamic cities”, Journal of Architectural and Planning research, Locke Science publishing company inc. Chicago, IL, USA.
Hakim, B.S. (1986). Arabic-Islamic Cities: Building and Planning Principles, KPI Ltd., London
Hakim, B.S, Zubair A. (2006). Rules for the built environment in 19th century Northern Nigeria” Journal of Architectural and Planning research, Locke Science publishing company inc. Chicago, IL, USA.
Hamza, B, Ismawi, H Z, and Zaiton, A (2009). Role of Islamic Built Environment Criteria (IBEC) in the Evolution and Architectural Character of Hausa Traditional Housing Typology in northern Nigeria: A Case Study of Kasar Katsina. Paper presented at the 8th Annual International Symposium (UMTAS) University Malaysia Terengganu.
Hamza, B (2010). Role of Islamic Built Environment Criteria (IBEC) in the Evolution and Architectural Character of Hausa Traditional Housing Typology in northern Nigeria: A Case Study of Kasar Katsina”. PhD Thesis, International Islamic University, Malaysia
Hisham, M (2004). Traditional Islamic Principles of Built Environment, Routledge Curzon, Taylor Francis group, New york NY 10001, London
Ibrahim, M, Yahaya I, Bello D (1968). Hausa customs, Northern Nigerian Publishing Company Zaria.
Laldin, M .A (2006). Introduction to Shari’ah and Islamic Jurisprudence, CERT Publications, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
Moughtin, J.C (1985). Hausa Architecture Ethnographical, Westbourne Road, London N7
Moukhtar, M (2008). Transformation of Gbayi informal settlements in Peri-urban Abuja, (PhD) Thesis, University Technology Malaysia
Nwanodi, O.B.A (1989) Hausa Compounds: Products of Cultural, Economic, Social and Political Systems Habitat International Vol. 13. No. 4, pp83-97
Ola, U (1996). “The Urban Fabric of Igbo Architecture in South-eastern Nigeria in the 1990s”, Habitat International vol. 20. No. 2 pp 191-202
Oumar, A A (1997). Gidaje: Socio-cultural Morphology of Hausa living Spaces, PhD Thesis, University College London, UK
Rapoport, A (1982) The Meaning of the Built Environment: A non-Verbal Communication Approach, Sage Publications, Inc. Beverly Hills, California
Robinson, D (2004). Muslim Societies in African History, Cambridge, p141
Suraiya, A (2008). “Islamic Concept of Shura, Urf, Shuf’ah and Hisbah in Relation to Planning Practice Urban Planning”: In Planning from Islamic Perspective” Arah Publications, Selangor, Malaysia
Schwedrtfeger, F.W (1972). Traditional Housing in African Cities: A Comparative study of Houses in Zaria, Ibadan and Marrakech, John Wiley and Sons New york, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore
Sa’ad, H.T (1981). Between Myth and Reality: The aesthetics of Hausa traditional Architecture in Hausaland, (PhD) thesis, Michigan University, USA
Urquhart, A. W (1977). Planned Urban landscapes of Northern Nigeria: A Case Study of Zaria, Ahmadu Bello University Press, Zaria, Nigeria
Webster’s Third New International Dictionary (Unabridged), a Merriam-Webster Inc., Spring field, Massachusetts, USA